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Hendy Nabil Rais Rais
Journal of Education, Linguistics and Psychology (2026)
Indonesia has 72,490 villages with a primary school and 18,477 with an upper secondary school, a ratio of 3.92 to one, and the ratio varies across provinces from 1.21 in DKI Jakarta to 14.32 in Papua Selatan. Using Central Statistics Agency figures for 2025 covering all thirty-eight provinces and five educational levels, this article shows that the spatial concentration of provision rises monotonically with level of education. The Gini coefficient across provinces rises from 0.4896 for villages with a primary school to 0.5057 for lower secondary, 0.5259 for upper secondary and 0.5937 for vocational secondary, and the share held by the five largest provinces rises from 43.07 to 56.08 per cent over the same sequence. Higher education is scarcer still: 3,233 villages have an institution, one for every 22.42 villages with a primary school, and the provincial ratio spans from 48.48 institutions per hundred primary-school villages in DKI Jakarta to 1.49 in Kalimantan Tengah. No province has more villages with vocational than with general upper secondary provision. The article argues that the geography of Indonesian educational supply is a nested one in which each higher level is available in a strict subset of the places offering the level below, and that the ratio between levels is a more informative provincial statistic than any count.